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Why is one prohibited and the other not?
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See robtek's post, 41 Banks.
Exactly, in a normal dive, it would be very unusual for the pilot to be "behind the airplane". In an accidental spin, it is very likely the pilot will be "behind the airplane".
Goes back to aviation axiom, "Never Let an Airplane take you someplace your brain did not get to at least 5 minutes before."
Right BTB,
If you read the spin recovery procedures in the Operating Notes, it instructs the pilot to make a prolonged dive.
With the longitudinal instability, the aircraft would require more more velocity to buffer against over controlling the recovery and inducing a secondary stall.
In otherwords, the low stick forces and large elevator changes for very small stick inputs make the aircraft vulnerable to secondary stalling in a normal spin recovery sequence.
The high dive speed required to recover from a spin also make the aircraft vulnerable to exceeding the airframe limits by overcontrolling.
I would not be surprised to discover the Spitfire Mk I was cleared to spin after being fitted with an inertial elevator to correct the longitudinal instability.